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[[File:magtape1.jpg|thumb|{{convert|7|in|cm|adj=on|0}} reel of {{convert|1/4|in|mm|0|adj=mid|wide}} audio recording tape, typical of consumer use in the 1950s–70s]]
[[Magnetic tape]]s consist of narrow bands of a magnetic medium bonded in paper or plastic. The magnetic medium passes across a semi-fixed head which reads or writes data. Typically, magnetic media has a maximum lifetime of about 50 years<ref name="Adelstein">Adelstein, Peter Z. "Permanence of Digital Information". Available at [http://www.ica.org/citra/citra.budapest.1999.eng/adelstein.rtf www.ica.org] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20040926035349/http://www.ica.org/citra/citra.budapest.1999.eng/adelstein.rtf |date=2004-09-26 }}.</ref> although this assumes optimal storage conditions; life expectancy can decrease rapidly depending on storage conditions and the resilience and reliability of hardware components.
* magnetic tape reels
* magnetic stripe cards
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* [[punched tape|punched paper-tape]]
* [[punched cards]]
* [[optical media]] (rotating media combined with a
** pressed [[CD-ROM]]s and [[DVD-ROM]]s
** [[Write once read many]] (WORM) media such as [[CD-R]], [[DVD±R]], [[BD-R]].
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===Printing technology===
Printing hard-copies of documents and images is a popular means of representing digital data and possibly acquires the qualities associated with original documents, especially their potential for endurance. More recent advances in printer technology have raised the quality of photographic images in particular. Unfortunately, the permanence of printed documents cannot be easily discerned from the documents themselves.
* wet-ribbon inked printers
* [[heat-sensitive paper]]s, such as FAX rolls
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